Colon cancer is the third most common type of cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally. However, it is also one of the most preventable and treatable cancers if detected early.
To understand colon cancer, it's important to know that the colon is divided into three parts - the ascending colon, transverse colon, and descending colon, which subsequently lead to the rectum. Now, let's talk about the warning signs of colon cancer that you should not ignore.
Changes in Bowel Habits:
If you notice changes in your bowel habits, such as constipation, diarrhea, or narrowing of stools, it could be a warning sign of colon cancer. This cancer can cause partial obstruction in the colon, leading to changes in the caliber of the stool.
Blood in Stool:
If you notice fresh blood in your stool or partially digested blood, which makes your stool darker in color, it could be a sign of colon cancer. Hematochezia (fresh red blood in stool) is more common in left-sided tumors, whereas melena (partially digested blood- dark stool) is more common in right-sided tumors (or in the ascending colon). However, not all cases of colon cancer result in blood in the stool.
Abdominal Pain:
Persistent abdominal pain or cramps can happen due to the tumor in any site in the colon. Pain may also occur due to partial obstruction of the colon or if the tumor has caused the rupture of the colon.
Unexplained Weight Loss:
If you experience unexplained weight loss without trying to lose weight, it could be a warning sign of colon cancer.
Unexplained Anemia from Iron Deficiency:
Colon cancer can cause unrecognized blood loss in the stool, leading to unexplained anemia from iron deficiency. Tumors in the cecum or the ascending colon are much more likely to cause daily blood loss leading to anemia. If you are found to have iron deficiency anemia, the fecal occult blood test (FOBT) is important. If the FOBT is positive, the next step is to get a colonoscopy.
It's important to note that these symptoms could also be caused by other conditions, and not everyone with these symptoms has colon cancer. However, if you experience any of these warning signs, it's crucial to see your doctor and get screened for colon cancer. Especially if you have a family history of colon cancer or are over the age of 50.
There are several screening options for colon cancer, including colonoscopy, fecal occult blood test, and stool DNA test. Talk to your doctor about which screening option is right for you. The best out of these options is colonoscopy, but it is also the most invasive.
In conclusion, colon cancer is a common and potentially deadly cancer, but it's also preventable and treatable if detected early. Don't ignore the warning signs and talk to your doctor about getting screened. Thank you for reading, and stay healthy.
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